Self-loading pistol with fixed barrel



March 1 1924;

1,486,497 H. SCHMEISSER SELF LOADING PISTOL WITH FIXED BARREL Fil'ed Aug. 26 1921 v2 Sheets-Sheet 1 bg. I.

x" I I March 11; 1924. 1,486,497

H. SCHMEISSER SELF LOADING PISTOL WITH FIXED BARREL Filed Aug. 26. 192 1 2 Sheets-:Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 11, 1924. 7

UNITED sures HANS SCHMEISSER, OF SUHL, GERMANY.

SELF-LOADING PISTOL WITH FIXED BARREL.

Application filed August 26, 1921. Serial No. 495,802.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HANS SoHMEIssER, a citizen of the German Republic, residing at Suhl, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Self-Loading Pistols with Fixed Barrels (for which I have obtained patents in Germany No. 326,536 on application filed May 16, 1919; No. 342,078 on application filed February 6. 1920, and No. 361,175 on application filed July 2, 1921), of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a self loading pistol with fixed barrel, said barrel being fixed in the handle so that the pistol can be easily taken to pieces.

The invention concerns a safety device I which acts in such a manner that the magazine of the self loading pistol cannot be removed until the locking shaft for the sear operated by hand, has been brought into the safety position so that the trigger cannot be operated, that is to say that no shot can be fired with the pistol.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood, I shall proceed to describe the same with reference to the several forms of construction shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the self loading pistol with the barrel in operative position.

Figure 2 shows the self loading pistol with the bolt'for the locking spring pulled out so that the barrel can be removed.

Figure 3 is a cross section, on line A-B of Figure 2.

Figure 4 shows the bolt for the locking spring without said locking spring.

Figure 5 shows the locking device for its magazine.

Fig. 6 represents the preferred form of construction of the locking device for the magazine.

Fig. 7 shows a modified construction of that shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 represents in a similar view as Fig. 6 another form of construction of the locking device for the magazine.

The essential parts of the arm are The handle 1, the breech slide or breech block 2, the barrel 3, the trigger 1, the trigger rod 5, the locking shaft 6 to be operated by hand, the magazine 7, the magazine holder 8, the return spring 9 which serves for moving forward the breech block 2, the

locking bolt 10 of this spring, the striker 11, the nose 12 of the striker and the sear 13 for the trigger.

The barrel is secured in its position in the handle by means of the locking bolt 10 of the return spring which serves as stop pin and is constructed in such a manner that it effects the coupling of the barrel 3 with the handle 1 with the aid of the return spring 9 and of the breech slide or breech block 2. The barrel 3 is released when the locking bolt 10 of the return spring is displaced in longitudinal direction so that the self loading pistol can be taken to pieces that is to say so that the barrel 3 and the breech block 2 can be removed from the handle. The return spring 9 serves for holding the locking bolt 10 in the locking position. The barrel 3 has an extension 14 at its rear end which projects into a cavity 15 of the handle 1. The locking bolt 10 of the return spring which serves in the usual manner for the insertion of the return spring 9 has ahead 16 at its rear end which projects through a boring 17 of the extension 14 of the barrel and locks the barrel thus in its position. This head 16 of the locking bolt 10 is pressed by the action of the return spring 9 into a cavity 18 of the handle 1 being thus coupled with said handle. The front end of the locking bolt 10 is smooth and projects from a boring 19 of the breech block 2 so that in order to release the barrel 3 it is merely necessary to grip the front end of the bolt 10 and to pull this looking bolt out in overcoming the pressure of the return spring 9 until the head 16 is out-of the cavity 18 of the handle and of the ex tension 14' of the barrel. The barrel being thus released the breech block 2 can be taken off the handle.

In order to facilitate the. manipulation of the locking bolt 10 a groove 20 can be arranged at the front end of the same into which any convenient tool, for example the sorted into the cavity of the handle 1. If the locking bolt 10 is released it will be pushed by the action of the return spring into the borings 17 and 18 securing thus the barrel in its position in the handle.

The improved pistol is constructed in such a manner that the magazine holder 8 is coupled with the locking shaft adapted to be adjusted by hand so that the magazine 7 can be removed from the arm or can be reinserted into the same only if said locking shaft 6 has been previously turned by hand into the locking position so that the pistol becomes not ready for use until this locking shaft has been turned by hand into the looking position. The shaft 6 has as usual agroove situated below the sear 13. If the round part of the shaft 6 is turned up it bears against the sear and locks the same. If however shaft 6 is rotated 180 its groove faces the rear end of sear 13 so that the trigger rod 5 may be pivoted on its fulcrum whereby its nose releases the nose 12 of the striker 11 which is now free to be thrown forward by the action of its spring. Owing to the arrangement that the locking of the cartridge magazine 7 is made dependent on this locking by hand and that the making ready of the arm depends also on the operation of the hand-operated stop, the person who uses the arm is forced to handle the arm with special attention. The magazine holder 8 looks the magazine 7 against removal until the locking shaft 6 has been turned back to the release position and the magazine has first to be inserted to make the arm ready for use.

A form of construction of this safety device is shown in Fig. 5. The magazine holder 8 pivotable around the bolt 22 which looks the magazine by means of the nose 23 at its lower end has at its upper end a nose 25 against which bears the nose 26 of a piston 27 so that the magazine holder 8 is locked against being turned back to release the magazine 7. The piston 27 is under the action of a spring 28 so that its upper extension 29 engages with a deep groove 30 of the locking shaft 6, when said shaft has been brought by means of the safety lever 31 to the right hand side position. When the safety shaft is in this position neither the magazine 7 can be removed nor can the magazine (filled or empty) be reinserted when it has been previously removed. This is possible only if the nose 26 of piston 27 has been pulled back from the nose 25 of the magazine holder which is effected by turning the safety lever 31 by hand into the safety position. In consequence of this movement of the safety lever 31 the locking shaft 6 is turned for 180 so that the shallow groove 32 of the locking shaft 6 engages with the extension 29 of the piston 27, said piston being thus lifted for a distance which is equal to the height of its nose 26, this nose 26 releasing thus the nose 25 of the magazine holder. The magazine holder 8 can now be pivoted by hand around its pivot bolt 22 so that the locking extension 23 of the holder releases the magazine 7 so that this magazine can be removed or reinserted. Even after the magazine has been reinserted the arm is still locked as the safety lever 31 is in the safety-position.

In order to make the arm ready for use the locking shaft 6 has to be brought into the releasing position for which purpose the safety lever 31 has to'be operated by hand which requires a certain attention of the person who handles the arm. The spring 28 of the piston 27 which looks the magazine holder can be arranged so that its upper end bears against the sear 13 so that it is not necessary to provide a special spring for said sear. The construction of the auto matic pistol is thus considerably simplified and improved as, owing to the lack of space the separate spring of the sear can be only small and short so that when the arm is used frequently this spring wears rapidly. The piston spring 28 is however comparatively long and strong so that it is very resistant and long lasting.

lVith the safety device described it may happen that the locking shaft 6 is brought into the releasing position after the magazine 7 has been removed so that it would be possible to fire a cartridge which has remained in the barrel.

In order to avoid that after the removal of the magazine the safety shaft 6 or the locking lever 31 be operated on purpose or accidentally the construction of this locking shaft is improved so that it is held in the locking position until the magazine 7 has been reinserted. IVith this object in view the piston 27 is automatically locked when the magazine 7 is being removed and the piston is released only when, through re-insertion of the magazine 7, the locking device is unlocked. If the piston 27 is locked the locking shaft 6 cannot be turned by hand.

In the form of construction shown in Fig. 6 a two-armed lever 35 is pivotally' mounted upon the pivot pin 22 of the magazine holder 8. This lever 35 consists of a lower arm 36 and of an upper arm having a hook-shaped end 37 which under the action of a spring 39 is made to engage with a notch 38 of the piston 37. As long as the magazine is in the handle 1 it pushes back the lower arm 36 of the lever 35 so that the hook 37 gets out of the notch 38 of piston 27. lVhen the magazine has to be removed from the pistol the piston 27 is moved through the revolution of the safety shaft 6 operated by hand. By the lifting of the piston 27 its nose 26 releases the nose 25 of the magazine holder 8 so that this magazine holder 8 can. be pulled back by hand to release the magazine which now can be taken out. As soon as the magazine has been removed from the pistol spring 39 pushes the lower arm 36 of the lever 35 into the magazine chamber so that the upper hook shaped end 37 of said chamber will engage with the notch 38 of the piston 27 and lock this piston. As this piston engages with the shallow groove 32 of the locking shaft this locking shaft cannot be revolved and the arm cannot be unlocked. This becomes possible only when through the re-insertion of the cartridge magazine the lower arm 36 of lever 35 is pushed out of the magazine chamber whereby the hook 37 is pulled out of the notch 38 of piston 27. This piston 27 is thus released and the nose 25 of the magazine holder 8 being released also from the nose 26 of piston 27 the magazine can be inserted. Only after the magazine has been reinserted completely the locking shaft 6 can be brought to the unlocking position.

According to the form of construction shown in Fig. 7 the magazine holder 8 is made in one piece with lever 35 and it is provided above the pivot point 22 with a hook 40 designed to engage with. the notch 41 of piston 27.

When the extension 29 has been lifted owing to its engagement with the shallow groove 32 of the locking shaft 6, that is to say when the arm is locked, the hook 4:0 jumps into the notch 41 so that the magazine can be pulled out as the magazine holder 8 has been pushed back. Whilst the magazine is removed the hook 340 engaging with notch 41 holds the piston 27 which is released only when the magazine, in being reinserted, pushes back the magazine holder 8. According to the form of construction shown in Fig. 8 the shallow groove 32 enters into action when the arm is unlocked, the deep groove 30 operating when the arm is being locked. In this arrangement the piston 27 is lowered at the transition into the locking position to a point which it could not reach before. The locking device according to Fig. 8 is constructed as follows hen the magazine 7 is inserted the piston 27 is lifted owing to its lateral extension 29 engaging with the shallow groove 32 of the locking shaft 6 so that a surface 42 of the piston 27 stands opposite the nose 25 of the magazine holder 8. The magazine holder 8 can consequently not pivot around its axle and the magazine cannotv be removed from the piston. lVhen the arm is locked the piston can descend due to the deep.

groove 30 of the locking shaft 6 so that the notch 43 of the piston 27 gets opposite the nose 25 of the magazine holder 8. In this position of the piston the magazine holder 8 can pivot around its axle 22 because its nose 25 can engage with the notch d3 of the piston 27. The magazine can be removed. If the magazine has been removed the lever swings under the action of its spring 39 so that its nose 37 engages with the notch 38 of piston 27 the ascent of the piston being thus prevented. The piston must therefore remain in engagement with the deep groove 30 of the locking shaft 6 and this shaft cannot be turned into the unlocking posit-ion. The hook 37 would disengage from the notch 39 of the piston if the magazine has been pushed in for only a few centimeters so that the arm could get unlocked in this position. This is however prevented by the magazine holder as through the insertion of the magazine the locking nose 23 of said holder is pushed back and the nose 25 of the magazine holder. is made to engage with the notch 43 of the piston 27 whereby the upward movement of said piston is prevented. Only when the magazine has been completely inserted into the arm, so that the locking extension 23 of the magazine holder 8 can get under said zine, can this magazine holder be pivoted by the action of its spring 42 so that its nose 25 gets out of the notch 43 of the piston 27. This piston being now completely released the arm can now be unlocked by means of the locking shaft 6 being turned so that the lateral extension 29 of the piston 27 engages with the shallow groove 32 of said locking shaft 6.

I claim 1. In an automatic pistol with barrel remo-vably fixed in the handle, means for preventing the removal or insertion of the magazine unless a safety device has been brought by hand into the position for locking the sear said means comprising in combination with a cartridge magazine removably mounted in the pistol, a pivotable holder for locking said magazine in its posi-= tion, a sear locking shaft having a shallow groove which determines the unlocked position and a deep groove which determines the locked position, a safety lever accessible from the outside designed to operate said locking shaft, a spring-controlled piston situated between said holder and said look ing shaft, said piston having groove in its outer face, an extension at the upper end of said piston designed to engage with one or the other groove of said locking shaft, a nose at the lower end of said pivotable holder designed to lock the magazine in its position, and a nose atthe upper end of said pivotable holder designed to engage with said groove of the piston so that it holds the piston in the locking position until the lower nose of the holder has gripped behind the inserted magazine said holder being then pivot-ed by the action of its spring so that said nose disengages from the groove and releases said piston.

2. In an automatic pistol with barrel reinoyahly fixed in the handle, means for preventing the removal or insertion of the magazine unless a safety device has been brought by hand into the position for locking the sear said means comprising in combination with a sear, a cartridge magazine reniov ably mounted in the pistol, a pivotable holder for locking said magazine in its position, a sear locking shaft having a shallow groove which determines the unlocked position and a deep groove which determines the locked position, a safety lever accessible from the outside designed to operate said locking shaft, a piston situated between said holder and said locking shaft, said piston having a groove in its outer face, an extension at the upper end of said piston designed to engage with one or the other groove of said locking shaft, a spring in said piston to for pressing the extension of said piston against said locking shaft the upper end of said spring pressing against the sear so that it serves as sear spring, a nose at the lower end of said pivotable holder de signed to lock the magazine in its position, and a nose at the upper end of said pivotable holder designed to engage with said groove of the piston so that it holds the piston in the locking position until the lower nose or the holder has gripped behind the inserted magazine said holder being then pivoted by the action of its spring so that said nose disengages from the groove and releases said piston.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HANS SCHMEISSER. Witnesses HANS MANN, HERMANN GETFIG. 

